Where and Why?
The plantar fascia is a connective tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, extending from the heel to the toes. Due to its frequent use and its attachment to the heel, the fascia can become inflamed and thickened at its insertion on the heel over time.
Signs and Symptoms
Common symptoms include pain beneath the foot at the heel, often described as a bruise-like sensation or discomfort. Another symptom is a sharp, stabbing pain when walking, particularly first thing in the morning or after a long period of being sedentary, like after going to the movies.
While the pain typically tends to ease initially with activity, it almost always returns after a period of rest or overnight. This condition can result from either repetitive use causing the fascia to become inflamed or from an acute tear of the fascia. A gradual onset of pain suggests a repetitive injury, especially if this correlates with a recent increase in activity, like starting to increase your running or walking volume after a period of time off.
Sudden, intense pain after a certain movement, especially a running or change of direction movement points to an acute tear.
Risk Factors:
- Age (between 40-60 years old)
- Ballet dancers and long-distance runners
- Increase in body weight
- Occupations where you stand all day
- Atypical foot mechanics – high or low arch, or difference in load through feet
- Shoes with minimal arch support
- Tight calf muscles